An Investigation of the Cu-Ni Compound Cathode Materials Affecting on Transient Recovery Voltage
The purpose of this research was to analyze and compare the instability of a contact surface between Copper and Nickel an alloy cathode in vacuum, the different ratio of Copper and Copper were conducted at 1%, 2% and 4% by using the cathode spot model. The transient recovery voltage is predicted. The cathode spot region is recognized as the collisionless space charge sheath connected with singly ionized collisional plasma. It was found that the transient voltage is decreased with increasing the percentage of an amount of Nickel in cathode materials.
[1] R.P.P. Smeets, "Stability of low-current vacuum arcs," J. Phys. D: Appl.
Phys., vol. 19, pp. 575-587, 1986.
[2] George A. Farrall "Current zero phenomena" in "Vacuum arcs",
J.M.Lafferty (Editor) John Wiley & Sons, pp. 197- 198, 1980
[3] G. Ecker "Theoretical aspects of the vacuum arc" in "Vacuum arcs",
J.M.Lafferty (Editor) John Wiley & Sons, pp. 242-25, 1980
[4] T.H.Lee & A. Greenwood : "Theory for the cathode mechanism in metal
vapor arcs" , J.Appl.Phys., 32, 916, 1961
[5] Murphy and R.H. Good "Thermionic emission, field emission, and the
transition region," Phys. Rev., vol. 102, pp.1464-1473, 1956.
[6] V.M. Kulypin "Quantitative theory of cathode processes in an arc," Soviet
Phys., Tech., Phys.,16, pp.287, (1971)
[7] I.I.Beilis "Analysis of the cathode spot in a vacuum arc", Sov.Phys., 19, 2,
pp.251-257 , 1974
[8] Hantzsche,H. "Theories of cathode spots," in " Handbook of vacuum arc
science and technology", R.L. Boxman, P.J. Martin, and D.M.
Sanders,Eds. Park Ridge, NJ:Noyes, pp.202, (1995)
[9] A.J.T. Holms "A theoretical model of mercury and vapor arcs," J.Phys.
D., 7, pp.1412, (1974)
[10] T. Kubono "Theoretical estimation for current density at a cathode spot in
the steady-state arc," Trans. IEE of Japan. 51-A, 2, pp.11-12, (1976) 1, pp.
9-16, (1982-1)
[11] O.Morimiya, S. Suzuki and K. Watanabe, "An analysis of the in stability
phenomena of a low current vacuum arc," Trans. IEE of Japan.,vol.
119-A, No. 2, 1999.
[12] N. Mungkung, O. Morimiya and T. Kamikawaji, " An analysis of the
instability phenomena of a low-current vacuum arc for copper cathodes,"
IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 31, No. 5, pp. 963-967, Oct. 2003
[13] J.E. Daalder., "Cathode spot and vacuum arcs," Physica, vol. 10C4, pp.
91-106, 1981
[14] J. Smithhells, " Metal reference book," p. 1040, 1037
[15] C. Ding and S. Yanabu, " Effect of parallel circuit parameters on the
instability of a low-current vacuum arc," IEEE Trans.Plasma Sci., vol. 31,
pp. 877-883, Oct. 2003
[16] K. Tsuruta, N. Tanaka, H. Kido, K.Hirai, and T. Yanagidai, "Ignition and
instability of low-current DC vacuum arcs ignited by the opening of the
electrodes," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 29, pp. 671-674, Oct. 2001
[17] Smeets, R.P.P.; Kaneko, E.; Ohshima, "Experimental characterization of
arc instabilities and their effect on current chopping in low-surge vacuum
interrupters", IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci, vol. 20, pp. 439-446, Aug. 1992
[1] R.P.P. Smeets, "Stability of low-current vacuum arcs," J. Phys. D: Appl.
Phys., vol. 19, pp. 575-587, 1986.
[2] George A. Farrall "Current zero phenomena" in "Vacuum arcs",
J.M.Lafferty (Editor) John Wiley & Sons, pp. 197- 198, 1980
[3] G. Ecker "Theoretical aspects of the vacuum arc" in "Vacuum arcs",
J.M.Lafferty (Editor) John Wiley & Sons, pp. 242-25, 1980
[4] T.H.Lee & A. Greenwood : "Theory for the cathode mechanism in metal
vapor arcs" , J.Appl.Phys., 32, 916, 1961
[5] Murphy and R.H. Good "Thermionic emission, field emission, and the
transition region," Phys. Rev., vol. 102, pp.1464-1473, 1956.
[6] V.M. Kulypin "Quantitative theory of cathode processes in an arc," Soviet
Phys., Tech., Phys.,16, pp.287, (1971)
[7] I.I.Beilis "Analysis of the cathode spot in a vacuum arc", Sov.Phys., 19, 2,
pp.251-257 , 1974
[8] Hantzsche,H. "Theories of cathode spots," in " Handbook of vacuum arc
science and technology", R.L. Boxman, P.J. Martin, and D.M.
Sanders,Eds. Park Ridge, NJ:Noyes, pp.202, (1995)
[9] A.J.T. Holms "A theoretical model of mercury and vapor arcs," J.Phys.
D., 7, pp.1412, (1974)
[10] T. Kubono "Theoretical estimation for current density at a cathode spot in
the steady-state arc," Trans. IEE of Japan. 51-A, 2, pp.11-12, (1976) 1, pp.
9-16, (1982-1)
[11] O.Morimiya, S. Suzuki and K. Watanabe, "An analysis of the in stability
phenomena of a low current vacuum arc," Trans. IEE of Japan.,vol.
119-A, No. 2, 1999.
[12] N. Mungkung, O. Morimiya and T. Kamikawaji, " An analysis of the
instability phenomena of a low-current vacuum arc for copper cathodes,"
IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 31, No. 5, pp. 963-967, Oct. 2003
[13] J.E. Daalder., "Cathode spot and vacuum arcs," Physica, vol. 10C4, pp.
91-106, 1981
[14] J. Smithhells, " Metal reference book," p. 1040, 1037
[15] C. Ding and S. Yanabu, " Effect of parallel circuit parameters on the
instability of a low-current vacuum arc," IEEE Trans.Plasma Sci., vol. 31,
pp. 877-883, Oct. 2003
[16] K. Tsuruta, N. Tanaka, H. Kido, K.Hirai, and T. Yanagidai, "Ignition and
instability of low-current DC vacuum arcs ignited by the opening of the
electrodes," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 29, pp. 671-674, Oct. 2001
[17] Smeets, R.P.P.; Kaneko, E.; Ohshima, "Experimental characterization of
arc instabilities and their effect on current chopping in low-surge vacuum
interrupters", IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci, vol. 20, pp. 439-446, Aug. 1992
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:63186", author = "Arunrungrusmi S and Chaokamnerd W and Tanitteerapan T and Mungkung N. and Yuji T.", title = "An Investigation of the Cu-Ni Compound Cathode Materials Affecting on Transient Recovery Voltage", abstract = "The purpose of this research was to analyze and compare the instability of a contact surface between Copper and Nickel an alloy cathode in vacuum, the different ratio of Copper and Copper were conducted at 1%, 2% and 4% by using the cathode spot model. The transient recovery voltage is predicted. The cathode spot region is recognized as the collisionless space charge sheath connected with singly ionized collisional plasma. It was found that the transient voltage is decreased with increasing the percentage of an amount of Nickel in cathode materials.
", keywords = "Vacuum arc, Instability, Low current, Cathode spot,
copper, Nickel, Transient Recovery Voltage.", volume = "3", number = "5", pages = "1224-6", }
